屏幕信息

Wails 提供了一个适用于所有平台的统一屏幕 API。使用一致的代码即可获取屏幕信息、检测多个显示器、查询屏幕属性（尺寸、位置、DPI）、识别主显示器并处理 DPI 缩放。

快速开始

// Get all screens
screens := app.Screen.GetAll()

for _, screen := range screens {
    fmt.Printf("Screen: %s (%dx%d)\n", 
        screen.Name, screen.Size.Width, screen.Size.Height)
}

// Get primary screen
primary := app.Screen.GetPrimary()
fmt.Printf("Primary: %s\n", primary.Name)

就是这么简单！跨平台获取屏幕信息。

获取屏幕信息

所有屏幕

screens := app.Screen.GetAll()

for _, screen := range screens {
    fmt.Printf("ID: %s\n", screen.ID)
    fmt.Printf("Name: %s\n", screen.Name)
    fmt.Printf("Size: %dx%d\n", screen.Size.Width, screen.Size.Height)
    fmt.Printf("Position: %d,%d\n", screen.X, screen.Y)
    fmt.Printf("Scale: %.2f\n", screen.ScaleFactor)
    fmt.Printf("Primary: %v\n", screen.IsPrimary)
    fmt.Println("---")
}

主屏幕

primary := app.Screen.GetPrimary()

fmt.Printf("Primary screen: %s\n", primary.Name)
fmt.Printf("Resolution: %dx%d\n", primary.Size.Width, primary.Size.Height)
fmt.Printf("Scale factor: %.2f\n", primary.ScaleFactor)

当前屏幕

获取包含某个窗口的屏幕：

screen, err := window.GetScreen()
if err != nil {
    // handle error
}
fmt.Printf("Window is on: %s\n", screen.Name)

按 ID 获取屏幕

screen := app.Screen.GetByID("screen-id")
if screen != nil {
    fmt.Printf("Found screen: %s\n", screen.Name)
}

屏幕属性

屏幕结构

type Screen struct {
    ID               string  // Unique identifier
    Name             string  // Display name
    ScaleFactor      float32 // DPI scale (1.0, 1.5, 2.0, etc.)
    X, Y             int     // Position (top-left, logical pixels)
    Size             Size    // Logical size (Width, Height)
    Bounds           Rect    // Logical bounds (X, Y, Width, Height)
    PhysicalBounds   Rect    // Physical bounds (scaled)
    WorkArea         Rect    // Logical work area excluding taskbars/menubars
    PhysicalWorkArea Rect    // Physical work area
    IsPrimary        bool    // Is this the primary screen?
    Rotation         float32 // Screen rotation in degrees (e.g. 0, 90, 180, 270)
}

// Size and Rect are simple value types:
type Size struct{ Width, Height int }
type Rect struct{ X, Y, Width, Height int }

通过screen.Size.Width/screen.Size.Height读取像素尺寸——不存在顶层Width/Height字段。

物理像素与逻辑像素

screen := app.Screen.GetPrimary()

// Logical pixels (what you use)
logicalWidth := screen.Size.Width
logicalHeight := screen.Size.Height

// Physical pixels (actual display)
physicalWidth := int(float32(screen.Size.Width) * screen.ScaleFactor)
physicalHeight := int(float32(screen.Size.Height) * screen.ScaleFactor)

fmt.Printf("Logical: %dx%d\n", logicalWidth, logicalHeight)
fmt.Printf("Physical: %dx%d\n", physicalWidth, physicalHeight)
fmt.Printf("Scale: %.2f\n", screen.ScaleFactor)

常见缩放系数：

1.0 - 标准 DPI（96 DPI）
1.25 - 125% 缩放（120 DPI）
1.5 - 150% 缩放（144 DPI）
2.0 - 200% 缩放（192 DPI）- Retina
3.0 - 300% 缩放（288 DPI）- 4K/5K

窗口定位

在屏幕上居中

func centreOnScreen(window *application.WebviewWindow, screen *Screen) {
    windowWidth, windowHeight := window.Size()
    
    x := screen.X + (screen.Size.Width-windowWidth)/2
    y := screen.Y + (screen.Size.Height-windowHeight)/2
    
    window.SetPosition(x, y)
}

在指定屏幕上定位

func moveToScreen(window *application.WebviewWindow, screenIndex int) {
    screens := app.Screen.GetAll()
    
    if screenIndex < 0 || screenIndex >= len(screens) {
        return
    }
    
    screen := screens[screenIndex]
    
    // Centre on target screen
    centreOnScreen(window, screen)
}

相对于屏幕定位

// Top-left corner
func positionTopLeft(window *application.WebviewWindow, screen *Screen) {
    window.SetPosition(screen.X+10, screen.Y+10)
}

// Top-right corner
func positionTopRight(window *application.WebviewWindow, screen *Screen) {
    windowWidth, _ := window.Size()
    window.SetPosition(screen.X+screen.Size.Width-windowWidth-10, screen.Y+10)
}

// Bottom-right corner
func positionBottomRight(window *application.WebviewWindow, screen *Screen) {
    windowWidth, windowHeight := window.Size()
    window.SetPosition(
        screen.X+screen.Size.Width-windowWidth-10,
        screen.Y+screen.Size.Height-windowHeight-10,
    )
}

多显示器支持

检测多个显示器

func hasMultipleMonitors() bool {
    return len(app.Screen.GetAll()) > 1
}

func getMonitorCount() int {
    return len(app.Screen.GetAll())
}

列出所有显示器

func listMonitors() {
    screens := app.Screen.GetAll()
    
    fmt.Printf("Found %d monitor(s):\n", len(screens))
    
    for i, screen := range screens {
        primary := ""
        if screen.IsPrimary {
            primary = " (Primary)"
        }
        
        fmt.Printf("%d. %s%s\n", i+1, screen.Name, primary)
        fmt.Printf("   Resolution: %dx%d\n", screen.Size.Width, screen.Size.Height)
        fmt.Printf("   Position: %d,%d\n", screen.X, screen.Y)
        fmt.Printf("   Scale: %.2fx\n", screen.ScaleFactor)
    }
}

选择显示器

func chooseMonitor() (*Screen, error) {
    screens := app.Screen.GetAll()
    
    if len(screens) == 1 {
        return screens[0], nil
    }
    
    // Show dialog to choose
    var options []string
    for i, screen := range screens {
        primary := ""
        if screen.IsPrimary {
            primary = " (Primary)"
        }
        options = append(options, 
            fmt.Sprintf("%d. %s%s - %dx%d", 
                i+1, screen.Name, primary, screen.Size.Width, screen.Size.Height))
    }
    
    // Use dialog to select
    // (Implementation depends on your dialog system)
    
    return screens[0], nil
}

完整示例

多显示器窗口管理器

type MultiMonitorManager struct {
    app     *application.App
    windows map[int]*application.WebviewWindow
}

func NewMultiMonitorManager(app *application.App) *MultiMonitorManager {
    return &MultiMonitorManager{
        app:     app,
        windows: make(map[int]*application.WebviewWindow),
    }
}

func (m *MultiMonitorManager) CreateWindowOnScreen(screenIndex int) error {
    screens := m.app.Screen.GetAll()
    
    if screenIndex < 0 || screenIndex >= len(screens) {
        return errors.New("invalid screen index")
    }
    
    screen := screens[screenIndex]
    
    // Create window
    window := m.app.Window.NewWithOptions(application.WebviewWindowOptions{
        Title:  fmt.Sprintf("Window on %s", screen.Name),
        Width:  800,
        Height: 600,
    })
    
    // Centre on screen
    x := screen.X + (screen.Size.Width-800)/2
    y := screen.Y + (screen.Size.Height-600)/2
    window.SetPosition(x, y)
    
    window.Show()
    
    m.windows[screenIndex] = window
    return nil
}

func (m *MultiMonitorManager) CreateWindowOnEachScreen() {
    screens := m.app.Screen.GetAll()
    
    for i := range screens {
        m.CreateWindowOnScreen(i)
    }
}

检测屏幕变化

type ScreenMonitor struct {
    app           *application.App
    lastScreens   []*Screen
    changeHandler func([]*Screen)
}

func NewScreenMonitor(app *application.App) *ScreenMonitor {
    return &ScreenMonitor{
        app:         app,
        lastScreens: app.Screen.GetAll(),
    }
}

func (sm *ScreenMonitor) OnScreenChange(handler func([]*Screen)) {
    sm.changeHandler = handler
}

func (sm *ScreenMonitor) Start() {
    ticker := time.NewTicker(2 * time.Second)
    
    go func() {
        for range ticker.C {
            sm.checkScreens()
        }
    }()
}

func (sm *ScreenMonitor) checkScreens() {
    current := sm.app.Screen.GetAll()
    
    if len(current) != len(sm.lastScreens) {
        sm.lastScreens = current
        if sm.changeHandler != nil {
            sm.changeHandler(current)
        }
    }
}

支持 DPI 感知的窗口尺寸调整

func createDPIAwareWindow(screen *Screen) *application.WebviewWindow {
    // Base size at 1.0 scale
    baseWidth := 800
    baseHeight := 600
    
    // Adjust for DPI
    width := int(float32(baseWidth) * screen.ScaleFactor)
    height := int(float32(baseHeight) * screen.ScaleFactor)
    
    window := app.Window.NewWithOptions(application.WebviewWindowOptions{
        Title:  "DPI-Aware Window",
        Width:  width,
        Height: height,
    })
    
    // Centre on screen
    x := screen.X + (screen.Size.Width-width)/2
    y := screen.Y + (screen.Size.Height-height)/2
    window.SetPosition(x, y)
    
    return window
}

屏幕布局可视化工具

func visualiseScreenLayout() string {
    screens := app.Screen.GetAll()
    
    var layout strings.Builder
    layout.WriteString("Screen Layout:\n\n")
    
    for i, screen := range screens {
        primary := ""
        if screen.IsPrimary {
            primary = " [PRIMARY]"
        }
        
        layout.WriteString(fmt.Sprintf("Screen %d: %s%s\n", i+1, screen.Name, primary))
        layout.WriteString(fmt.Sprintf("  Position: (%d, %d)\n", screen.X, screen.Y))
        layout.WriteString(fmt.Sprintf("  Size: %dx%d\n", screen.Size.Width, screen.Size.Height))
        layout.WriteString(fmt.Sprintf("  Scale: %.2fx\n", screen.ScaleFactor))
        layout.WriteString(fmt.Sprintf("  Physical: %dx%d\n", 
            int(float32(screen.Size.Width)*screen.ScaleFactor),
            int(float32(screen.Size.Height)*screen.ScaleFactor)))
        layout.WriteString("\n")
    }
    
    return layout.String()
}

最佳实践

✅ 应该做

检查屏幕数量 - 同时处理单显示器和多显示器配置
使用逻辑像素 - Wails 会自动处理 DPI
将窗口居中 - 用户体验优于固定位置
验证位置 - 确保窗口可见
处理屏幕变化 - 显示器可能会被添加或移除
在不同 DPI 下测试 - 100%、125%、150%、200%

❌ 不应该做

不要硬编码位置 - 使用屏幕尺寸
不要假定只有主屏幕 - 用户可能有多个显示器
不要忽略缩放系数 - 这对 DPI 感知很重要
不要将窗口定位到屏幕之外 - 验证坐标
不要忘记处理屏幕变化 - 笔记本电脑会连接或断开扩展坞
不要使用物理像素 - 使用逻辑像素

平台差异

macOS

Retina 显示器（2x 缩放系数）
多显示器配置很常见
坐标系：原点（0,0）位于左下角
空间（虚拟桌面）会影响定位

Windows

多种 DPI 缩放比例（100%、125%、150%、200%）
多显示器配置很常见
坐标系：原点（0,0）位于左上角
按显示器进行 DPI 感知

Linux

因桌面环境而异
X11 与 Wayland 之间存在差异
DPI 缩放支持情况各异
支持多个显示器

后续步骤

窗口

了解窗口管理。

了解更多 →

窗口选项

配置窗口外观。

了解更多 →

多窗口

多窗口模式。

了解更多 →

绑定

从 JavaScript 调用 Go 函数。

了解更多 →

有疑问？请在Discord中提问，或查看屏幕示例。

无障碍

编辑此文档

屏幕信息

屏幕信息

快速开始

获取屏幕信息

所有屏幕

主屏幕

当前屏幕

按 ID 获取屏幕

屏幕属性

屏幕结构

物理像素与逻辑像素

窗口定位

在屏幕上居中

在指定屏幕上定位

相对于屏幕定位

多显示器支持

检测多个显示器

列出所有显示器

选择显示器

完整示例

多显示器窗口管理器

检测屏幕变化

支持 DPI 感知的窗口尺寸调整

屏幕布局可视化工具

最佳实践

✅ 应该做

❌ 不应该做

平台差异

macOS

Windows

Linux

后续步骤